Medically Reviewed

Chrysoula I. Liakou

MD, PhD, Internal Medicine Specialist and
Cancer Immunology Researcher.

What Is Constipation?

Constipation happens when you have trouble pooping. It means you might not go to the bathroom as often as you should, usually fewer than three times a week. When you do go, your poop might be hard, dry, and painful to pass. This can make you feel bloated, uncomfortable, or like you didn’t fully finish.

There are many reasons why constipation can happen. Not eating enough fibre, like fruits, vegetables, or whole grains, can make it hard to poop. Not drinking enough water or not being active can also slow things down. Sometimes, ignoring the urge to go, feeling stressed, or taking certain medicines can cause constipation, too. Health issues like diabetes, thyroid problems, or irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) can make it worse.

To prevent constipation, eat more fibre, drink plenty of water, and stay active. Over-the-counter medicines, like laxatives, can help quickly, but it’s best to talk to a doctor if the problem continues or worsens.

Constipation Symptoms

Constipation can be uncomfortable and frustrating. Knowing the signs can help you determine what’s happening and when to act. Here are the most common symptoms of constipation:

Fewer than three bowel movements in a week.
Hard, dry, or lumpy poop that's difficult to pass.
Straining or pushing too hard when trying to poop.
Feeling like your bowels are not empty after using the bathroom.
A feeling of something blocking your rectum.
Bloating or a tight, uncomfortable feeling in your stomach.
Stomach cramps or lower belly pain.
Losing your appetite because of the discomfort.
Small tears (fissures) or swollen veins (haemorrhoids) from straining too much.

If these symptoms last a long time or get worse, talk to a doctor, especially if you notice blood in your poop, severe pain, or weight loss. Catching the problem early can help you get relief faster!

Constipation Causes

Constipation can happen for many reasons. Knowing the causes can help you avoid it and feel better. Here are some common reasons why people get constipated:

Not Eating Enough Fibre: Foods like fruits, veggies, and whole grains help your poop move through your body. Without enough fibre, pooping can be more challenging.
Not Drinking Enough Water: Water keeps your poop soft. If you don’t drink enough, your poop can become complex and dry.
Not Moving Enough: Sitting too much or not exercising can slow your digestion, making it harder to go.
Ignoring The Urge To Poop: Holding it in when you need to go can make constipation worse later.
Changes In Your Routine: Traveling, stress, or a change in your daily habits can make your body’s schedule for pooping irregular.
Certain Medications: Some medicines, like painkillers or antacids, can cause constipation as a side effect.
Health Problems: Conditions like diabetes, thyroid issues, or irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) can affect how your body digests food.
Not Eating Enough Food: If you don’t eat enough, your body has less waste to get rid of.

Figuring out what causes constipation can help you fix it. Eating healthy, drinking water, and staying active can make a big difference!