What Is a Wart and What Causes It

A wart is a small skin growth caused by a virus called the human papillomavirus (HPV). Warts are common and can appear on different parts of the body, including the hands, feet, fingers, face, and around the nails. Some types can also affect the genital area.

Warts develop when the virus enters the skin through tiny cuts or damaged areas. This causes extra skin cells to grow, forming a raised or rough lump.

Most warts are harmless, but they can be annoying, uncomfortable, or make people feel self-conscious.

Warts can spread through skin-to-skin contact or by touching surfaces contaminated with the virus, such as shared towels, changing room floors, or swimming pool areas. They can also spread to other parts of your body if you scratch, pick, or shave over them.

Many warts go away on their own, but this can take a long time. Treatment may help remove them more quickly, ease discomfort, and reduce the risk of spreading them.

A wart that grows on the sole of the foot is called a verruca, also known as a plantar wart.

Symptoms and Types of Warts

Wart symptoms can vary depending on the type of wart and where it appears. Some warts are raised and rough, while others are smooth, flat, or grow under thicker skin. Most warts are not painful, but some can become sore, especially on the feet or around the nails.

Common Wart Symptoms

Symptom

What It May Look Or Feel Like

Small skin lump

A raised or flat growth on the skin.

Rough texture

The wart may feel hard, dry, rough, or bumpy.

Skin colour changes

Warts may be skin-coloured, white, grey, yellow, brown, or darker than the surrounding skin.

Tiny black dots

Small dark spots that are tiny blood vessels inside the wart.

Pain or tenderness

More common with verrucas or warts around the nails.

Itching or irritation

Some warts may feel itchy or uncomfortable.

Groups of warts

Several warts may grow close together.

Changes around nails

Warts near the nails can affect how the nails grow.

Common Warts

Common warts are usually raised, firm, and rough. They often appear on the fingers, hands, knees, or elbows.

They are usually painless but can become sore if they are knocked, picked, or rubbed regularly.

Verrucas Or Plantar Warts

Verrucas are warts that grow on the soles of the feet. Because of the pressure from standing and walking, they often grow inward and may look flatter than other warts.

They may feel painful when walking, as if a small stone were stuck in your shoe.

Palmar And Plantar Warts

Palmar warts grow on the palms of the hands. Plantar warts grow on the soles of the feet.

Sometimes several plantar warts grow together and form a larger patch called a mosaic wart.

Periungual Warts

Periungual warts grow around or underneath fingernails and toenails.

They can become painful and may affect nail growth, causing the nail to become uneven or misshapen.

Plane Warts

Plane warts, also called flat warts, are smaller and smoother than common warts.

They often appear in groups on the face, hands, arms, or legs and can be harder to notice because they are flatter.

Filiform Warts

Filiform warts are long, thin warts that often grow on the face or neck.

They are commonly found around the eyes, nose, lips, or chin. Although they are usually harmless, they can be noticeable because of where they appear.

Genital Warts

Genital warts are caused by different types of HPV than most other skin warts. They affect the genital or anal area and are spread through sexual contact.

They may look like small bumps or soft growths and can sometimes cause itching or discomfort.

When To Speak To A Doctor

Speak to a doctor if a wart is painful, bleeding, spreading, changing in appearance, or affecting your face, genitals, or nails.

You should also seek medical advice if you have diabetes, poor circulation, or a weakened immune system, or if you are unsure whether the growth is a wart.

How Warts Are Diagnosed by Doctors

Doctors can usually diagnose a wart by looking at it. They may check its size, shape, texture, location, and any symptoms you have. They may also ask when it appeared, whether it has changed, and if you have other warts on your body.

In most cases, no tests are needed. During an online consultation, a doctor may be able to assess the wart from photos or by discussing your symptoms. Some warts, especially those on the face, genitals, nails, or feet, may need an in-person examination.

What A Doctor May Check

What The Doctor Looks For

Why It Matters

Size and shape

Helps tell a wart apart from other skin growths.

Texture

Warts are often rough, hard, or thick.

Location

Different areas of the body may need different treatments.

Tiny black dots

These are small blood vessels often seen in warts.

Pain or tenderness

Some warts, especially verrucas, can be painful.

Changes over time

Fast changes may need further checks.

Spread or repeat infections

May show that the virus is spreading or difficult to clear.

When Further Checks May Be Needed

Sometimes a doctor may recommend more tests if they are not sure the growth is a wart or if it looks unusual. In rare cases, a small skin sample may be taken to check for other skin conditions.

You should speak to a doctor if a wart:

Reason To Get Checked

Why It Matters

Bleeds or changes quickly

It may need further assessment.

Causes severe pain

Treatment or extra checks may be needed.

Keeps coming back

A different treatment approach may be required.

Appears on the face

Special treatment may help avoid scarring.

Appears on the genitals

Needs specific medical advice and treatment.

Affects the nail area

Can affect nail growth and may be harder to treat.

Occurs in someone with diabetes, poor circulation, or a weakened immune system

Medical guidance is important to avoid complications.

Can Warts Be Diagnosed Online?

Yes, many common warts and verrucas can be assessed during an online consultation if clear photos are available.

A doctor can review the appearance, symptoms, and location of the wart and advise whether self-care, pharmacy treatment, prescription treatment, or an in-person appointment may be needed.

Warts on the face, genitals, or around the nails, as well as painful verrucas or unusual skin growths, may need a closer examination.

Causes and Risk Factors for Warts

Warts are caused by a virus called the human papillomavirus (HPV). The virus infects the skin's surface and causes extra skin cells to grow, forming a wart.

HPV can spread through contact with a wart or by touching surfaces contaminated with the virus. The virus is more likely to enter the skin through small cuts, scratches, or damaged areas.

How Warts Spread

Route Of Spread

Example

Skin-to-skin contact

Touching another person's wart.

Self-spread

Touching a wart, then another part of your body.

Shared surfaces

Walking barefoot in changing rooms, swimming pools, or public showers.

Shared items

Using someone else's towel, razor, socks, shoes, or nail tools.

Damaged skin

Cuts, scratches, shaving nicks, or bites in the skin make it easier for the virus to enter.

Moist skin

Damp skin, especially on the feet, can increase the risk of infection.

Why Some People Get Warts More Easily

Anyone can get warts, but some people are more likely to develop them.

Children and teenagers often get warts because their immune systems are still learning to recognise different types of HPV. People with weakened immune systems may also be more likely to get warts or have warts that are harder to treat.

Other risk factors include:

Risk Factor

Why It Increases Risk

Nail biting or picking skin

Creates small openings for the virus to enter.

Walking barefoot in shared wet areas

Increases contact with infected surfaces.

Sharing towels or razors

Can spread the virus from one person to another.

Cuts or scratches

Make it easier for HPV to enter the skin.

Sweaty or damp feet

Can increase the risk of verrucas.

Weakened immune system

Makes it harder for the body to fight the virus.

Can Warts Spread On Your Own Body?

Yes. Warts can spread from one area of your body to another. This can happen if you scratch, pick, bite, or shave over a wart.

To help prevent this, avoid touching or picking warts, wash your hands after touching them, keep them covered when possible, and do not share personal items such as towels or nail tools.

Are Warts Contagious?

Yes, warts are contagious. However, they usually spread through close contact or by touching infected surfaces.

Not everyone who comes into contact with HPV will develop a wart. In many cases, the immune system can stop the virus before a wart forms.

Treatment Options for Warts

Many warts go away on their own, but this can take months or even years. Treatment may help remove them faster, especially if the wart is painful, spreading, itchy, or in a place that makes you feel self-conscious.

The best treatment depends on the type of wart, where it is on the body, how long it has been there, and your general health.

Common Wart Treatment Options

Treatment

How It Works

When It May Be Used

Salicylic acid

Softens and breaks down the thick wart skin over time.

Common warts and verrucas.

Cryotherapy

Freezes the wart so the affected skin slowly falls away.

Warts that do not improve with pharmacy treatment.

Prescription treatments

May help treat stubborn or recurring warts.

Warts that do not go away easily.

Minor procedures

A doctor may remove or treat the wart using special methods.

Painful, difficult, or stubborn warts.

No treatment

The immune system may clear the wart naturally.

Small, painless warts that are not spreading.

Salicylic Acid

Salicylic acid is a common wart treatment available over the counter at pharmacies. It comes as liquids, gels, paints, pads, and medicated plasters. It works by slowly breaking down the hard skin that makes up the wart.

For best results, you usually need to use it regularly for several weeks. Soaking the wart in warm water and gently filing away dead skin may help it work better. Do not file so hard that the area bleeds.

Do not use salicylic acid on the face, genitals, broken skin, infected skin, or areas with poor feeling or poor blood flow unless a doctor tells you to.

Cryotherapy, Freezing Treatment

Cryotherapy freezes the wart using a very cold substance. In clinics, this is usually liquid nitrogen. The freezing damages the wart tissue, which may blister, scab, and fall away over time.

You may need more than one treatment, especially for large or long-lasting warts. Cryotherapy can be uncomfortable. It may cause short-term pain, blisters, skin colour changes, or irritation.

Pharmacy freezing sprays are also available, but they are not as cold as treatments used by healthcare professionals. They may not work for all warts.

When Specialist Treatment May Be Needed

If a wart does not improve, keeps coming back, spreads, or is hard to treat, a doctor may refer you to a skin specialist.

Specialist treatment may include stronger prescription medicines, careful wart removal, laser treatment, or other procedures. The right option depends on the type of wart and where it is.

Treatments To Avoid

Do not cut, burn, pick, or try to remove a wart yourself. This can cause bleeding, infection, scarring, and may spread the virus to other areas.

You should also avoid using standard wart treatments on genital warts, facial warts, or warts around the eyes unless a doctor tells you to. These areas need more careful treatment.

When To Speak To A Doctor

Speak to a doctor if a wart is painful, bleeding, changing, spreading, on the face or genitals, or affecting the nail area.

You should also seek medical advice if you have diabetes, poor circulation, or a weakened immune system, or if you are unsure whether the growth is a wart.

How Mobi Doctor Can Help With Wart Treatment

At Mobi Doctor, you can consult with a doctor using any device, whether a laptop, tablet, or smartphone. You won't have to endure long appointment wait times, as our GPs are accessible seven days a week. You can schedule a video consultation from the comfort of your home, at your workplace, or on the go. 

 

Our medical professionals will listen attentively to your concerns and symptoms, diagnose your wart, and recommend an appropriate treatment if deemed appropriate. They can also facilitate a referral to a specialist for further examination if necessary.

Wart Treatment Online FAQs

Yes, you can get wart treatment online with Mobi Doctor by booking a medical consultation. A doctor will assess your wart, recommend appropriate treatment, and provide guidance tailored to your condition.

Online consultation for warts is effective for diagnosis, treatment advice, and prescribing medication when suitable. Doctors can identify most warts visually and advise on safe management or referral if needed.

Yes, a doctor can prescribe wart treatments online, such as topical medications or prescription strength solutions, if clinically appropriate after assessment.

Common warts, verrucas, plantar warts, periungual warts, flat warts, and filiform warts can often be managed through online consultation. Genital warts require specialised assessment and may need referral.

Some warts may disappear on their own over time as the immune system clears the virus. However, this can take months or years, and treatment can help speed up resolution and reduce discomfort.

Yes, online wart treatment is safe when provided by licensed doctors. They follow medical guidelines and recommend treatments appropriate for the wart type and location.

Yes, verrucas can often be treated through online consultation. A doctor can advise on topical treatments, cryotherapy options, or referral if the verruca is painful or persistent.

The time varies depending on the treatment and wart type. Some treatments work within weeks, while others may take several months and require repeated applications.


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