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Medically Reviewed

By

Chrysoula I. Liakou

MD, PhD, Internal Medicine Specialist and
Cancer Immunology Researcher.

What Are Bleeding Gums?

Bleeding gums happen when they become irritated or swollen, causing them to bleed, especially when you brush or floss your teeth. This is often an early sign of gum disease, like gingivitis or periodontitis.

 

The main reason gums bleed is because of plaque, a sticky layer of bacteria that builds up on your teeth. If plaque isn’t cleaned off properly, it can turn into a harder substance called tartar, which irritates your gums even more and leads to bleeding.

 

Poor brushing and flossing habits commonly cause bleeding gums, but other factors can also play a role. Health conditions like diabetes can make it harder for your body to fight gum infections. Hormonal changes, such as during pregnancy, can make gums more sensitive and prone to bleeding. Some medications, especially those that cause dry mouth, can also increase the risk of gum problems.

 

If your gums keep bleeding even after improving your brushing habits, seeing a dentist’s a good idea. Ignoring the problem could lead to more serious gum diseases and tooth loss. Taking care of your gums is as important as caring for your teeth!

Bleeding Gums Symptoms

The most common symptoms of bleeding gums are:

  • Red, Swollen Gums: Your gums may look puffy and feel sore.
  • Bleeding When Brushing or Flossing: You might notice blood in the sink or on your toothbrush.
  • Bad Breath: Persistent bad breath can be a sign of gum problems.
  • Receding Gums: Your gums may start to pull back from your teeth.
  • Loose Teeth: In severe cases, teeth may feel wobbly or start to shift.

Bleeding Gums Causes

Bleeding gums can happen for many reasons, and knowing the cause can help you fix the problem. Here are the most common causes:

1. Poor Oral Hygiene

  • Not brushing or flossing properly allows plaque (a sticky layer of bacteria) to build up on your teeth.
  • Plaque irritates your gums, causing gingivitis, which makes gums red, swollen, and prone to bleeding.

2. Brushing or Flossing Too Hard

  • Using a hard-bristled toothbrush or brushing too roughly can damage your gums.
  • Flossing incorrectly can also cause small cuts on your gums.

3. Smoking or Using Tobacco

  • Tobacco reduces blood flow to your gums, making it harder for them to heal.
  • Smokers are more likely to have gum disease and gum bleeding.

4. Hormonal Changes

  • Pregnancy and other hormonal changes can make gums more sensitive and likely to bleed.
  • This is called pregnancy gingivitis.

5. Medical Conditions

  • Diseases like diabetes weaken your immune system, making it harder for your gums to fight infections.
  • Bleeding disorders can also cause gums to bleed more easily.

6. Medications

  • Some medicines, like blood thinners, make it harder for blood to clot, leading to bleeding gums.

7. Poor Nutrition

  • Not getting enough vitamin C or K can weaken your gums and cause bleeding.

If your gums keep bleeding, even after improving your dental care routine, seeing a dentist is important. Early treatment can prevent bigger problems later on!

Bleeding Gums Treatment

Bleeding gums are often a sign of gum disease, but they can usually be treated properly. The first step is to brush and floss your teeth the right way. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush and brush gently twice a day. Don’t scrub too hard, as this can hurt your gums. Floss daily to clean between your teeth, where your toothbrush can’t reach. These simple habits help remove plaque and stop your gums from getting irritated and bleeding.

Visit Your Dentist Regularly

Going to the dentist regularly is one of the best ways to keep your gums healthy. During a professional cleaning, your dentist can remove tartar (hardened plaque) that brushing and flossing can’t eliminate. Regular check-ups also help catch gum problems early before they become bigger. If your gums keep bleeding, don’t wait—schedule a dentist appointment as soon as possible.

Make Healthy Lifestyle Choices

 

Your daily habits can affect your gums, too. Smoking makes it harder for your gums to heal and can cause more bleeding. Quitting smoking can improve gum health quickly. Eating a balanced diet also helps. Foods rich in vitamin C (like oranges and strawberries) and vitamin K (like spinach and broccoli) keep your gums strong. Drinking plenty of water helps wash away food and bacteria from your mouth.

Use Mouthwash

An antibacterial mouthwash can help reduce plaque and kill harmful bacteria in your mouth. It’s a great extra step after brushing and flossing. Just remember, mouthwash doesn’t replace brushing and flossing—it works best when used alongside them. Look for a mouthwash made specifically for gum health.

Manage Health Conditions

Some health problems, like diabetes, can worsen gum disease because they weaken your immune system. If you have a health condition, managing it with your doctor’s help is important. Certain medicines, like blood thinners, can cause gums to bleed more easily. If you think your medication might be causing problems, talk to your doctor or dentist.

 

If your gums keep bleeding after trying these tips, it’s time to see your dentist. Caring for your gums is just as important as caring for your teeth. With the right care, you can stop bleeding gums and keep your smile healthy and bright!

Bleeding Gums Prevention

Preventing bleeding gums can save you from discomfort and potential dental problems. Here are some effective ways to keep your gums healthy:

  • Use the Right Toothbrush: Choose a soft-bristled toothbrush and replace it every three months. Worn-out bristles can irritate your gums.
  • Learn Proper Brushing Technique: Brush your teeth at a 45-degree angle towards the gum line. Spend at least two minutes brushing to ensure all areas are cleaned.
  • Avoid Sugary Snacks and Drinks: Excess sugar feeds harmful bacteria in your mouth, leading to plaque build-up. Stick to healthier snack options like crunchy fruits and vegetables.
  • Stay Hydrated: Drinking water regularly helps wash away food particles and bacteria, reducing plaque build-up.
  • Chew Sugar-Free Gum: Chewing gum stimulates saliva production, naturally cleaning your teeth and gums.
  • Use Fluoride Toothpaste: Fluoride strengthens your teeth and helps protect your gums from bacterial infections.
  • Manage Stress: High-stress levels can weaken your immune system, making it harder for your body to fight gum infections. Practice stress-relief activities like deep breathing or exercise.
  • Take Vitamin Supplements: If your diet lacks essential vitamins like Vitamin C or Vitamin D, consider taking supplements after consulting your doctor.
  • Avoid Teeth Grinding (Bruxism): Grinding or clenching your teeth can damage your gums. If you grind your teeth, ask your dentist about a mouth guard.
  • Watch for Early Signs of Gum Disease: Redness, swelling, or a metallic taste in your mouth can signal gum problems. Don't ignore these early signs—get them checked by a dentist.

Preventing bleeding gums isn't just about brushing and flossing; it's about oral care and paying attention to your habits. With these steps, you'll keep your gums healthy and your smile strong!

With Mobi Doctor, you can easily connect with experienced dental professionals online. Receive personalised advice, tailored treatment plans, and practical tips to prevent and manage bleeding gums.

 

 

 



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