Women's Sudden Stabbing Pelvic Pain - 20 Possible Causes

• PID, endometriosis, ovarian cysts, musculoskeletal issues, gastrointestinal conditions, and other factors can all lead to sudden, sharp pelvic pain in women. In addition to discomfort, it can come with additional symptoms like fever, unusual vaginal discharge, stabbing pain in the vagina, uterus, or changes in bowel and urinary patterns.
  
  
• Seeking immediate medical attention is crucial, especially with conditions such as PID, ovarian torsion, and gynecologic cancers, which may require urgent treatment. Diagnosis involves reviewing medical history, physical examinations, and imaging or lab tests.
  
  
• Pelvic pain can be treated in a variety of ways, which can include medication, lifestyle adjustments, physical therapy, or surgery. It is important to communicate concerns or symptom changes to a healthcare professional so that they can be evaluated and managed appropriately.
  
  
• Treatments that are initiated early can provide relief from chronic symptoms, reduce complications, and enhance overall well-being for those experiencing pelvic pain. Regular check-ups and safe sexual practices can aid in preventing and detecting sexually transmitted infections (STIs) that can contribute to pelvic pain.
  
  
• Being aware of potential causes of pelvic pain empowers individuals to seek timely medical attention and engage in informed discussions with healthcare providers.

Overview     

The human body is a complex work of art, and the pelvis plays a vital role in offering structural support, safeguarding vital organs, and enabling movement. Nonetheless, when abrupt, piercing pain occurs in the pelvic region of women, it can be a distressing and puzzling ordeal.

You might experience sharp pains in the vagina, private area, or stabbing sensations in the uterus. It's crucial to grasp the potential reasons behind this discomfort to ensure you seek the appropriate medical attention and relief. Consulting a healthcare professional for your specific medical condition may be necessary.

What Is Pelvic Pain?

Any discomfort in the lower abdomen, specifically in the area beneath the belly button and between the hip bones, is called pelvic pain.

Pelvic pain can vary in intensity, duration, and characteristics, ranging from a dull, persistent ache to a sharp and severe stabbing sensation. It may occur frequently or intermittently, be mild or severe, sudden or chronic, and can significantly impact a person's daily life, overall quality of life, and mental well-being.

Pelvic discomfort can have diverse sources, originating from various organs and pelvic tissues.

 

Cause	Pain Type
Kidney Stones	Sudden
Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)	Sudden
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease	Sudden / Chronic
Appendicitis	Sudden
Ovarian Cysts Rupture	Sudden
Ischemic Uterine Fibroids	Sudden
Endometriosis	Chronic
Ectopic Pregnancy	Sudden
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)	Chronic
Musculoskeletal Issues	Sudden / Chronic
Pelvic Abscess	Sudden / Chronic
Diverticulitis	Sudden / Chronic
Menstruation	Sudden / Chronic
Ovarian Torsion	Sudden
Gynecological Cancers	Chronic
Pelvic Pain in Pregnancy	Chronic
Pelvic Congestion Syndrome	Chronic
Interstitial Cystitis Flare-Up	Sudden / Chronic
Pelvic Floor Dysfunction	Chronic
Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs)	Sudden /Chronic
Bladder Disorders	Chronic
Adhesions	Sudden Chronic
Gastrointestinal Disorders	Sudden / Chronic
Nerve Entrapment	Chronic
Psychological Factors	Chronic

 

Symptoms And Causes Of Sudden Pelvic Stabbing Pain

 

Besides acute pelvic discomfort, ongoing pelvic pain can originate from a diverse range of factors. Acute pelvic discomfort typically represents new or sudden-onset pain, whereas chronic pain entails a persistent condition that can be continuous or recurring.

Women encountering abrupt and severe pain in the left pelvic area could be grappling with a range of conditions, including the rupture of an ovarian cyst, ectopic pregnancy, endometriosis, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), ovarian torsion, or urinary tract infection (UTI).

Conversely, sudden stabbing pain in the right pelvic area of females may encompass all the possibilities above and should be distinguished from appendicitis.

Infection Of The Urinary Tract And Sharp pain In The Pelvic Area In A Female

Females who experience urinary tract infections (UTIs) may encounter sudden and acute pelvic discomfort. A UTI arises when bacteria establish themselves in the urinary tract and increase. One of the symptoms that may surface when the infection affects the lower urinary system, comprising the bladder and urethra, is a sharp or stabbing pain in the lower pelvic region. This sudden and acute discomfort is often accompanied by a frequent urge to urinate.

Other indications and manifestations that women with UTIs might encounter encompass pain or a sensation of burning while urinating, urine that appears cloudy or contains blood, and discomfort in the rectal region.

Pelvic Distress Resulting From Interstitial Cystitis Flare-Up

Interstitial cystitis (IC) is often a chronic condition but can lead to sudden and sharp pelvic pain in females. The pain linked with IC typically manifests as a rash, acute discomfort in the lower pelvic region and can range from mild cramps to intense, stabbing sensations.

During flare-ups, the pain can become notably severe and abrupt. Women with IC might also encounter sensations of pressure, pelvic discomfort, and stabbing pain. Additionally, IC can be associated with pain during sexual intercourse and alterations in urination patterns, such as increased frequency or urgency.

Appendicitis

It is accurate that appendicitis, marked by inflammation of the appendix, can lead to sudden, sharp pelvic pain. An obstruction or infection can trigger swelling and inflammation of the appendix, a small organ located near the end of the colon, resulting in the condition known as appendicitis.

The pain associated with appendicitis may initially resemble mild cramps. Still, as the condition progresses, it transforms from a stabbing pain to a burning sensation in the lower right corner of the abdomen, which can extend to the pelvic area. Individuals with appendicitis may also experience symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal bloating, a slight temperature rise, and sharp pelvic pain.

Immediate medical attention is imperative when appendicitis is suspected, as the condition can deteriorate if left untreated, potentially leading to severe complications.

Kidney Stones

Kidney stones can trigger intense and stabbing pelvic pain. These stones, due to their passage through the narrow urinary tract, can induce excruciating pain that may extend to the pelvic area. This pain is typically felt in the lower back, either side of the lower abdomen, or the groin region.

It depends on the size and location of the kidney stone and how intense the discomfort is. There may also be additional symptoms associated with kidney stones, including fever, nausea, vomiting, urine that is bloody or has an unpleasant odour, difficulties in urination, and severe pain.

If you suspect you have kidney stones, it is crucial to seek medical attention. A correct diagnosis and appropriate treatment are essential to manage the condition and alleviate symptoms.

Pelvic Abscess Causing Sharp Pain In The Pelvis.

What might be perceived as uterine pain could originate in the pelvic area. One of the potential causes for this discomfort is a pelvic abscess. Pelvic abscesses can trigger sharp and sudden pain in the pelvis, and individuals with pre-existing gastrointestinal conditions are more susceptible to developing these abscesses.

In cases where a pelvic abscess grows to a significant size, it can exert pressure on the delicate nerves within the pelvic region, leading to stabbing agony or pain. In addition to the pain, pelvic abscesses often manifest other symptoms such as fever, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, and a general feeling of unwellness.

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)

Inflammation and infection of the female reproductive organs are indicative of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). This condition is frequently a result of untreated sexually transmitted infections like chlamydia or gonorrhoea. In the initial stages, women may not exhibit noticeable symptoms. However, if left untreated, PID can progress to chronic and severe pelvic or abdominal pain.

Additional symptoms may encompass bleeding during sexual intercourse, fever, a substantial discharge with an unpleasant odour, and urination difficulty or pain. Urgent medical intervention is imperative to prevent potential complications such as ectopic pregnancies, scarring of the reproductive organs, abscess formation, and infertility.

Menstruation

Pelvic pain is a common occurrence before and during menstruation, often described as cramps in the pelvis or lower abdomen. The intensity of this pain may vary from month to month.

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) refers to the discomfort experienced before menstruation, and when this pain becomes so severe that it significantly disrupts daily activities, it is termed premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). In addition to pelvic pain, PMS and PMDD often present symptoms such as bloating, irritability, insomnia,  tender breasts, anxiety, mood swings, headaches, and joint pain. These symptoms typically subside once menstruation begins.

The pain experienced during menstruation is known as dysmenorrhea, which can manifest as abdominal cramps or a persistent ache in the thighs and lower back. Nausea, headaches, dizziness, and vomiting may also accompany this discomfort. In the event of severe menstrual pain, seek medical advice for options in pain management, which may include over-the-counter medications or acupuncture.

Ovarian (Adnexal) Torsion

The abrupt twisting of an ovary on its axis can result in immediate and severe pain, often accompanied by feelings of nausea and vomiting. Ovarian Torsion is a medical emergency that typically necessitates urgent surgical intervention. If you encounter symptoms suggestive of ovarian Torsion, it is imperative to seek immediate medical attention.

Ovarian Cyst Rupture

Ovarian cysts typically do not exhibit any symptoms. However, if they grow large, you may experience a dull or intense ache in one side of your pelvis or abdomen and sensations of bloating or heaviness in your lower belly. In the event of a cyst rupturing, you may suddenly endure severe pain. Although ovarian cysts often resolve on their own, it is advisable to seek treatment in such circumstances. Occasionally, a doctor may recommend the removal of a substantial cyst to prevent rupture.

Sharp and stabbing pelvic pain can be indicative of a severe issue, such as an ovarian cyst rupture. You should seek professional medical assistance as soon as you notice such symptoms.

A Sudden Pelvic Pain Caused By Ischemic Uterine Fibroids (Myomas)

Noncancerous growths in the uterus are referred to as uterine fibroids. The symptoms can vary based on size and location, and many women may not experience any symptoms. However, when fibroids are large, they can lead to sensations of pressure or a dull, aching pain in the pelvis or lower abdomen. Additional symptoms may encompass bleeding during sexual intercourse, heavy menstrual periods, urinary difficulties, leg pain, constipation, and back pain.

Fibroids can also potentially hinder the ability to conceive. In rare instances, if fibroids outgrow their blood supply and begin to deteriorate, they may result in severe and sharp stabbing pain in the uterus. You should seek immediate medical attention if you encounter any of the following symptoms: chronic pelvic pain, acute pelvic pain, heavy vaginal bleeding between periods, or difficulty urinating.

Gynecologic Cancers

Gynecologic cancers can develop in various pelvic areas, including the uterus, endometrium, cervix, and ovaries. Symptoms can vary but often include a dull, aching pain in the pelvis and abdomen, particularly during intercourse. This pain typically does not occur suddenly unless complications arise from the cancer. Another common symptom is unusual vaginal discharge. Regular check-ups and gynaecological examinations are crucial for early detection of gynecologic cancers when they are more manageable.

Although gynecologic cancer is rare, it can be a cause of sharp stabbing pain. Seek medical assistance promptly if you observe such symptoms.

Endometriosis

Endometriosis is a persistent condition where tissue resembling the uterus lining grows outside of it. Hormonal changes, such as thickening and shedding of the uterine lining during the menstrual cycle, contribute to this unusual tissue growth. The pain associated with endometriosis can vary from mild discomfort to severe and debilitating agony. It may occur during activities like sexual intercourse, bowel movements, bladder functions, and menstruation, with the most intense discomfort typically during these times.

However, endometriosis can also extend into the abdominal region, although it usually originates in the pelvic area. Additional symptoms of endometriosis may include heavy menstrual periods, nausea, and bloating.

In some instances, endometriosis can affect uncommon sites such as the lungs and diaphragm. This condition can also result in subfertility or infertility—treatment options for endometriosis range from over-the-counter pain medications to surgical procedures like laparoscopy. Effective treatments, such as in vitro fertilisation (IVF), are also available for managing infertility related to endometriosis. Early diagnosis plays a vital role in alleviating chronic symptoms and addressing issues of pain and infertility.

Ovulation

During the menstrual cycle, some women may encounter a brief, sharp pain called mittelschmerz, which occurs during ovulation. This pain is usually short-lived, lasting only a few hours. Relief can often be obtained through over-the-counter pain medication.

Pelvic Pain In Pregnancy

Pelvic pain related to pregnancy is a common occurrence that can arise due to various factors. Notable changes in a woman's body during pregnancy include:

• Hormonal shifts.
  
  
• An increase in weight.
  
  
• Alterations in the pelvic region to accommodate the growing fetus.

These changes may contribute to pelvic discomfort and occasional sharp pain.

Round Ligament Pain

During pregnancy, acute and stabbing pain in the pelvic region is often attributed to round ligament pain. A round ligament supports the uterus and stretches as the baby develops. Abrupt movements or alterations in posture can strain these ligaments, resulting in sharp and piercing pain in the lower abdomen or groin. This pain is typically short-lived and tends to ease with rest or a change in position.

Symphysis Pubis Dysfunction

Symphysis pubis dysfunction (SPD) is a condition that can give rise to pelvic discomfort during pregnancy. It develops from overly relaxed and unstable pubic bones in the pelvis, primarily due to hormonal shifts. This can lead to intense, stabbing pain in the pubic area, hips, groin, or lower back, especially when engaging in activities like walking, climbing stairs, or changing positions.

Pelvic Floor Muscle Spasm

Muscle contractions or tightness in the pelvic region can lead to acute pain. In pregnant women, this discomfort or severe pelvic pain can be due to contractions or spasms in the pelvic floor muscles or the uterine muscles. Engaging in pelvic floor exercises, utilizing relaxation methods, or seeking medical therapy may relieve these symptoms.

Growing Uterus

Furthermore, as the uterus expands, it may exert pressure on other organs, including blood vessels and nerves, occasionally leading to pelvic pain. Gas and bloating can also trigger temporary stabbing sensations in the pelvic region.

While occasional sudden stabbing pain is often considered normal during pregnancy, it is vital to distinguish it from more concerning symptoms like severe or persistent pain, fever, vaginal bleeding, or changes in fetal movements.

Ectopic Pregnancy

Ectopic pregnancy is a severe condition in which a fertilised egg implants and grows outside of the uterus, most commonly within the fallopian tube. This condition is regarded as a medical emergency as it can cause sharp and stabbing pain in the pelvic area.

The most prevalent symptom of an ectopic pregnancy is sharp and intense pelvic pain on one side. This pain may come and go or persist and can radiate to the shoulder or neck. Other symptoms may encompass vaginal bleeding, sharp vaginal pain, feelings of dizziness, lightheadedness, and shoulder pain. However, some women may not initially experience any noticeable symptoms.

Ectopic pregnancies are not viable and cannot progress into a healthy pregnancy. If left untreated, they can lead to fatal complications like ruptured fallopian tubes and severe internal bleeding.

Musculoskeletal Issues

Musculoskeletal problems can be a contributing factor to sudden stabbing pain in the pelvic region of females. These problems encompass issues related to the pelvic area's muscles, bones, ligaments, or joints. While they may not directly impact reproductive organs, they can cause pain and discomfort.

One common musculoskeletal condition that can lead to pelvic pain is pelvic floor dysfunction. The pelvic floor muscles provide support to the pelvic organs and play a role in controlling bladder and bowel functions. When these muscles become weak, tense, or imbalanced, they can result in pelvic pain and discomfort. Lifting heavy objects, prolonged sitting, or engaging in high-impact exercises can exacerbate this condition.

Another potential cause of pelvic pain associated with the musculoskeletal system is sacroiliac joint dysfunction. The sacroiliac joints connect the sacrum and pelvis. Inflammation or misalignment of these joints can lead to sharp, stabbing pain in the pelvic region. Pain may intensify with movements like walking, bending, or standing for extended periods.

Furthermore, conditions like strains and sprains of the muscles, ligaments, and joints may contribute to sudden stabbing pelvic pain. These problems can arise from trauma, overuse, poor posture, or muscle imbalances. The pain may be localised or radiate to other areas; specific movements or activities can worsen it.

Diverticulitis

Diverticulitis is characterised by the inflammation or infection of small pouches, known as diverticula, that form in the colon's lining. While its primary impact is on the colon, it can induce sudden stabbing pain in the pelvic area in both males and females.

In cases of diverticulitis, these diverticula become inflamed or infected, resulting in various symptoms, including severe lower abdominal or pelvic pain. This pain can occur suddenly and be sharp, often localised to the left side of the lower abdomen, although it may also manifest on the right side or encompass the entire pelvic region. Additional symptoms may include fever, nausea, vomiting, alterations in bowel habits, bloating, and tenderness in the abdomen.

The exact cause of diverticulitis is not entirely understood. However, it is believed to involve a combination of factors, including age, a diet low in fibre, and increased pressure within the colon. When the diverticula becomes obstructed by faecal matter, bacteria can multiply, causing inflammation and infection.

Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs)

Infections transmitted through sexual activity, known as STIs, can cause sharp, acute pain in the pelvic region in women. These infections, which may be bacterial, viral, or parasitic, lead to a range of symptoms and potential health issues.

Pelvic pain can be caused by STIs like chlamydia, gonorrhoea, and pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). Infections affecting the reproductive system can result in inflammation, scarring, and damage to the pelvic structures.

When left untreated, STIs can give rise to chronic pelvic pain characterised by sharp or stabbing sensations. Additional symptoms may encompass abnormal vaginal discharge, pain during sexual intercourse, fever, and pain or difficulty during urination.

Adhesions

Adhesions refer to bands of scar tissue that form between organs or tissues within the body. They can develop due to surgical procedures, infections, inflammation, or traumatic injuries. In women, adhesions within the pelvic area can give rise to sudden stabbing discomfort.

Adhesions can cause organs or tissues to adhere to each other, limiting their mobility and creating tension. This can lead to sharp and stabbing pain in the pelvic region. The pain may intensify during physical activity or specific tasks and may be accompanied by additional symptoms like bloating, discomfort during bowel movements, or alterations in urinary patterns.

Gastrointestinal Disorders

Gastrointestinal disorders pertain to conditions that affect the digestive system and can lead to sudden stabbing pain in the pelvis in women. These disorders encompass irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and gastrointestinal infections.

When the gastrointestinal tract is affected, abdominal discomfort can extend to the pelvic region. Symptoms such as bloating, irregular bowel movements, nausea, and vomiting may accompany acute and severe pain.

Sharp stabbing pain in the pelvic area can be attributed to gastrointestinal disorders. The best action is to seek professional assistance as soon as possible upon experiencing such symptoms.

Consult A Doctor

If you are facing persistent or worsening pelvic pain, it is advisable to consult your doctor. Seek medical assistance if you encounter severe pain, experience a sudden onset of pain, notice pain accompanied by fever or vomiting, have abnormal vaginal bleeding, or if the pain significantly interferes with your daily activities or quality of life. Depending on your symptoms, your healthcare provider will perform required examinations, request diagnostic tests, and provide treatment or refer you to a specialist. It is always prudent to exercise caution and engage with a healthcare professional to ensure accurate diagnosis and effective management of pelvic pain.

Mobi Doctor offers expert medical guidance and advice, assisting with various health concerns, including pelvic pain. With our online consultation services, you can access professional medical support conveniently from the comfort of your home.