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Medically Reviewed

By

Chrysoula I. Liakou

MD, PhD, Internal Medicine Specialist and
Cancer Immunology Researcher.

What Is Fever?

A fever is a temporary increase in body temperature, usually indicating that the body is fighting an infection. While an average body temperature is around 36-37°C (98-100°F), a fever is usually considered anything above 38°C (100.4°F). Fever isn’t an illness by itself; it’s a sign that the immune system is active and responding to a threat, often caused by a virus or bacteria.

When you have a fever, you might feel chills or shivers as your body temperature rises. This happens because the body’s internal “thermostat” has temporarily reset to a higher level to help combat germs. Although fever can make you feel uncomfortable, it usually means your immune system is working to protect you.

Most fevers are mild and resolve independently as the body overcomes the infection. However, if a fever is very high, lasts more than a few days, or is accompanied by other severe symptoms, it’s essential to see a doctor to check for severe infections or health issues.

Fever Symptoms

A fever is more than just a rise in body temperature; it often comes with other symptoms that make you uncomfortable. Usually, body temperature is around 37°C (98.6°F), but a fever usually starts at 38°C (100.4°F) or higher. Here are common symptoms of fever:

  • Chills And Shivering: As your temperature rises, you might feel cold or start shivering, even if you’re warm. This is the body’s way of adjusting to the higher temperature.

  • Sweating: When your body tries to cool down, you may start sweating more than usual. This helps lower your temperature.

  • Headache And Muscle Aches: Fever often comes with a headache and sore muscles, making you feel achy.

  • Fatigue And Weakness: Fever can make you feel tired, weak, and low on energy.

  • Loss Of Appetite: Many people don’t feel like eating with a fever since the body is busy fighting off the infection.

  • Irritability: Feeling irritable or easily frustrated is expected when you have a fever, as discomfort affects your mood.

  • Dehydration: Fever can lead to dehydration, especially if you’re sweating. Staying hydrated by drinking water is essential.

  • Flushed Face: Fever can cause a flushed, red face as blood flow increases to the skin to release heat.

These symptoms usually indicate that the body’s immune system is at work fighting an infection. Most will go away as the fever decreases, but it’s best to seek medical advice if they continue or worsen.

Fever Causes

Fever can be caused by many different factors and is often a sign that the body is working to fight off something harmful. Here are some of the main causes of fever:

  • Infections: Fevers are often caused by infections from viruses or bacteria. Common viral infections include colds, the flu, and COVID-19. Bacterial infections, like strep throat, ear infections, and pneumonia, can also lead to fever. Fevers help your immune system respond to these invaders.

  • Heat Exhaustion Or Heatstroke: Spending too much time in high temperatures or overexerting yourself can lead to heat-related fevers. Heatstroke occurs when the body overheats and can’t cool itself down properly.

  • Autoimmune Disorders: Conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and lupus cause inflammation and fever. The immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissue in these cases, creating an inflammatory response.

  • Reactions To Medications And Vaccines: Some medications, like antibiotics and vaccines, can cause fevers as side effects. This mild fever is usually temporary and indicates that the body responds to the treatment.

  • Sunburn: Severe sunburns from overexposure to sunlight can raise body temperature, resulting in a mild fever as the body tries to heal the damaged skin.

  • Other Health Conditions: Cancer, blood clots, and hormone disorders like hyperthyroidism can also cause fever. The body may develop a fever as it tries to respond to these health issues.

A fever is typically a helpful reaction from the body and usually goes away as the underlying cause is treated or resolved. However, if a fever is very high, lasts for several days, or is accompanied by other severe symptoms, it’s essential to seek medical help to find and address the cause.

Fever Prevention

Although you can’t always stop a fever from happening, there are some easy ways to lower your chances of getting one. Here are a few helpful tips:

  • Wash Your Hands Often: Keeping your hands clean is one of the best ways to prevent infections that can lead to fever. Wash with soap and water, especially before eating, after using the bathroom, or in public places.

  • Avoid Close Contact With Sick People: Viruses and bacteria spread quickly from person to person. If someone around you is sick, keep a distance to avoid catching germs.

  • Drink Plenty Of Water: Staying hydrated helps your body stay at an average temperature and keeps your immune system strong. Drinking water throughout the day is essential.

  • Stay Safe In The Heat: Spending too much time in the sun or high heat can lead to overheating, which might cause fever. Take breaks, drink water, and try to stay in the shade when it’s very hot.

  • Manage Allergies And Health Conditions: If you have allergies or a condition that causes inflammation, following your doctor’s advice can help prevent fever.

These steps can’t guarantee you’ll never get a fever, but they can reduce the chances. If you get a fever, remember it’s often a sign your body is fighting off something, so rest and take care of yourself until you feel better. Mobi Doctor can help you manage fever by connecting you with experienced doctors online for quick advice, diagnosis, and treatment recommendations. Get the support you need from home, with personalised guidance to help you feel better faster.

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